Investing in Indonesia’s Health Security: Cost Estimation for the 2025-2029 National Action Plan

Indonesia is currently developing its National Action Plan for Health Security (NAPHS) 2025–2029 to strengthen the country’s ability to manage and mitigate public health threats such as pandemics and infectious disease outbreaks. Programmes under each technical area (TA) have been designed to meet target scores by 2029. This planning phase is followed by a cost estimation process to calculate the total required funding and identify potential financing sources.

The cost estimation was conducted in five main stages: (1) document review, (2) cross-sectoral data collection, (3) cost analysis using WHO tools and Indonesia’s budget standards, (4) technical consultations, and (5) document finalisation.

The total estimated cost for the 5-year period is approximately Rp46.6 trillion, with 98% allocated to prevention – particularly in the areas of immunisation and zoonotic disease control. While detection, response, and the management of International Health Regulations (IHR)-related hazards receive a smaller share, they remain essential for maintaining national preparedness.

A funding shortfall of 13% – equivalent to around Rp6 trillion – has been identified, underscoring the need to secure additional resources to support the development of Indonesia’s health security system.